Introduction
Recombinant HEK293 cells have been created to stably overexpress human angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1) on their surface. These cells contain high levels of the G protein Gαq, which is essential for coupling with the receptor in downstream signaling pathways.
Background
The AT1 gene (usually referring to AGTR1) encodes the angiotensin II type 1 receptor, a G protein-coupled receptor. It is widely expressed in various tissues, including blood vessels, heart, kidneys, and adrenal glands. Angiotensin II binds to the AT1 receptor and activates a signaling cascade that leads to vasoconstriction, increased blood pressure, aldosterone secretion, and sodium and water retention. It plays a central role in the renin - angiotensin - aldosterone system (RAAS), which regulates blood pressure, fluid balance, and cardiovascular function. AT1 receptor blockers are commonly used as antihypertensive drugs.
